PlantImRecepV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000134

Improved immune responses and safety of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing immunostimulating components in pigs.

Identifieur interne : 000134 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000133; suivant : 000135

Improved immune responses and safety of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing immunostimulating components in pigs.

Auteurs : Joo Hyung Choi [Corée du Sud] ; Su Hwa You [Corée du Sud] ; Mi Kyeong Ko [Corée du Sud] ; Hye Eun Jo [Corée du Sud] ; Sung Ho Shin [Corée du Sud] ; Hyundong Jo [Corée du Sud] ; Min Ja Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Su Mi Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Byounghan Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Jong Soo Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Jong Hyeon Park [Corée du Sud]

Source :

Journal of veterinary science [ 1976-555X ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:33016020

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adjuvants immunologiques (pharmacologie), Animaux (MeSH), Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie), Fièvre aphteuse (immunologie), Fièvre aphteuse (prévention et contrôle), Fièvre aphteuse (virologie), Maladies des porcs (immunologie), Maladies des porcs (prévention et contrôle), Maladies des porcs (virologie), Production d'anticorps (MeSH), Souris (MeSH), Souris de lignée C57BL (MeSH), Suidae (MeSH), Vaccination (médecine vétérinaire), Vaccins antiviraux (immunologie), Vaccins antiviraux (pharmacologie), Virus de la fièvre aphteuse (immunologie).
MESH :
- immunologie : Anticorps antiviraux, Fièvre aphteuse, Maladies des porcs, Vaccins antiviraux, Virus de la fièvre aphteuse.
- médecine vétérinaire : Vaccination.
- pharmacologie : Adjuvants immunologiques, Vaccins antiviraux.
- prévention et contrôle : Fièvre aphteuse, Maladies des porcs.
- virologie : Fièvre aphteuse, Maladies des porcs.
- Animaux, Production d'anticorps, Souris, Souris de lignée C57BL, Suidae.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adjuvants, Immunologic (pharmacology), Animals (MeSH), Antibodies, Viral (immunology), Antibody Formation (MeSH), Foot-and-Mouth Disease (immunology), Foot-and-Mouth Disease (prevention & control), Foot-and-Mouth Disease (virology), Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (immunology), Mice (MeSH), Mice, Inbred C57BL (MeSH), Swine (MeSH), Swine Diseases (immunology), Swine Diseases (prevention & control), Swine Diseases (virology), Vaccination (veterinary), Viral Vaccines (immunology), Viral Vaccines (pharmacology).
MESH :
- chemical , immunology : Antibodies, Viral, Viral Vaccines.
- chemical , pharmacology : Adjuvants, Immunologic, Viral Vaccines.
- immunology : Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus, Swine Diseases.
- prevention & control : Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Swine Diseases.
- veterinary : Vaccination.
- virology : Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Swine Diseases.
- Animals, Antibody Formation, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Swine.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The quality of a vaccine depends strongly on the effects of the adjuvants applied simultaneously with the antigen in the vaccine. The adjuvants enhance the protective effect of the vaccine against a viral challenge. Conversely, oil-type adjuvants leave oil residue inside the bodies of the injected animals that can produce a local reaction in the muscle. The long-term immunogenicity of mice after vaccination was examined. ISA206 or ISA15 oil adjuvants maintained the best immunity, protective capability, and safety among the oil adjuvants in the experimental group.

OBJECTIVES

This study screened the adjuvant composites aimed at enhancing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) immunity. The C-type lectin or toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist showed the most improved protection rate.

METHODS

Experimental vaccines were fabricated by mixing various known oil adjuvants and composites that can act as immunogenic adjuvants (gel, saponin, and other components) and examined the enhancement effect on the vaccine.

RESULTS

The water in oil (W/O) and water in oil in water (W/O/W) adjuvants showed better immune effects than the oil in water (O/W) adjuvants, which have a small volume of oil component. The W/O type left the largest amount of oil residue, followed by W/O/W and O/W types. In the mouse model, intramuscular inoculation showed a better protection rate than subcutaneous inoculation. Moreover, the protective effect was particularly weak in the case of inoculation in fatty tissue. The initial immune reaction and persistence of long-term immunity were also confirmed in an immune reaction on pigs.

CONCLUSIONS

The new experimental vaccine with immunostimulants produces improved immune responses and safety in pigs than general oil-adjuvanted vaccines.

DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e74
PubMed: 33016020
PubMed Central: PMC7533391

Affiliations:

Corée du Sud

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream Main, to step Corpus: 000036
to stream Main, to step Curation: 000036

Le document en format XML

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<term>Animals (MeSH)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Antibody Formation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease (immunology)</term>
<term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease (virology)</term>
<term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (immunology)</term>
<term>Mice (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred C57BL (MeSH)</term>
<term>Swine (MeSH)</term>
<term>Swine Diseases (immunology)</term>
<term>Swine Diseases (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Swine Diseases (virology)</term>
<term>Vaccination (veterinary)</term>
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<term>Viral Vaccines (pharmacology)</term>
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<term>Animaux (MeSH)</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Fièvre aphteuse (immunologie)</term>
<term>Fièvre aphteuse (prévention et contrôle)</term>
<term>Fièvre aphteuse (virologie)</term>
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<term>Maladies des porcs (prévention et contrôle)</term>
<term>Maladies des porcs (virologie)</term>
<term>Production d'anticorps (MeSH)</term>
<term>Souris (MeSH)</term>
<term>Souris de lignée C57BL (MeSH)</term>
<term>Suidae (MeSH)</term>
<term>Vaccination (médecine vétérinaire)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Virus de la fièvre aphteuse (immunologie)</term>
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<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Adjuvants, Immunologic</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
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<term>Fièvre aphteuse</term>
<term>Maladies des porcs</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
<term>Virus de la fièvre aphteuse</term>
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<term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus</term>
<term>Swine Diseases</term>
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<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease</term>
<term>Swine Diseases</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prévention et contrôle" xml:lang="fr"><term>Fièvre aphteuse</term>
<term>Maladies des porcs</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Vaccination</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Fièvre aphteuse</term>
<term>Maladies des porcs</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Foot-and-Mouth Disease</term>
<term>Swine Diseases</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Antibody Formation</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred C57BL</term>
<term>Swine</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Production d'anticorps</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Souris de lignée C57BL</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b>
</p>
<p>The quality of a vaccine depends strongly on the effects of the adjuvants applied simultaneously with the antigen in the vaccine. The adjuvants enhance the protective effect of the vaccine against a viral challenge. Conversely, oil-type adjuvants leave oil residue inside the bodies of the injected animals that can produce a local reaction in the muscle. The long-term immunogenicity of mice after vaccination was examined. ISA206 or ISA15 oil adjuvants maintained the best immunity, protective capability, and safety among the oil adjuvants in the experimental group.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>
</p>
<p>This study screened the adjuvant composites aimed at enhancing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) immunity. The C-type lectin or toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist showed the most improved protection rate.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>Experimental vaccines were fabricated by mixing various known oil adjuvants and composites that can act as immunogenic adjuvants (gel, saponin, and other components) and examined the enhancement effect on the vaccine.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>The water in oil (W/O) and water in oil in water (W/O/W) adjuvants showed better immune effects than the oil in water (O/W) adjuvants, which have a small volume of oil component. The W/O type left the largest amount of oil residue, followed by W/O/W and O/W types. In the mouse model, intramuscular inoculation showed a better protection rate than subcutaneous inoculation. Moreover, the protective effect was particularly weak in the case of inoculation in fatty tissue. The initial immune reaction and persistence of long-term immunity were also confirmed in an immune reaction on pigs.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>The new experimental vaccine with immunostimulants produces improved immune responses and safety in pigs than general oil-adjuvanted vaccines.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">The quality of a vaccine depends strongly on the effects of the adjuvants applied simultaneously with the antigen in the vaccine. The adjuvants enhance the protective effect of the vaccine against a viral challenge. Conversely, oil-type adjuvants leave oil residue inside the bodies of the injected animals that can produce a local reaction in the muscle. The long-term immunogenicity of mice after vaccination was examined. ISA206 or ISA15 oil adjuvants maintained the best immunity, protective capability, and safety among the oil adjuvants in the experimental group.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">This study screened the adjuvant composites aimed at enhancing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) immunity. The C-type lectin or toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist showed the most improved protection rate.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Experimental vaccines were fabricated by mixing various known oil adjuvants and composites that can act as immunogenic adjuvants (gel, saponin, and other components) and examined the enhancement effect on the vaccine.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The water in oil (W/O) and water in oil in water (W/O/W) adjuvants showed better immune effects than the oil in water (O/W) adjuvants, which have a small volume of oil component. The W/O type left the largest amount of oil residue, followed by W/O/W and O/W types. In the mouse model, intramuscular inoculation showed a better protection rate than subcutaneous inoculation. Moreover, the protective effect was particularly weak in the case of inoculation in fatty tissue. The initial immune reaction and persistence of long-term immunity were also confirmed in an immune reaction on pigs.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The new experimental vaccine with immunostimulants produces improved immune responses and safety in pigs than general oil-adjuvanted vaccines.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>© 2020 The Korean Society of Veterinary Science.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Choi</LastName>
<ForeName>Joo Hyung</ForeName>
<Initials>JH</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6026-6095</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>You</LastName>
<ForeName>Su Hwa</ForeName>
<Initials>SH</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-7445</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ko</LastName>
<ForeName>Mi Kyeong</ForeName>
<Initials>MK</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-4232</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jo</LastName>
<ForeName>Hye Eun</ForeName>
<Initials>HE</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4920-1893</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shin</LastName>
<ForeName>Sung Ho</ForeName>
<Initials>SH</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-5131</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jo</LastName>
<ForeName>Hyundong</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-8904</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName>
<ForeName>Min Ja</ForeName>
<Initials>MJ</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5916-5083</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName>
<ForeName>Su Mi</ForeName>
<Initials>SM</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-2731</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName>
<ForeName>Byounghan</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-7763</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName>
<ForeName>Jong Soo</ForeName>
<Initials>JS</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-0711</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Park</LastName>
<ForeName>Jong Hyeon</ForeName>
<Initials>JH</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0825-8121</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea. parkjhvet@korea.kr.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><Acronym>QIA</Acronym>
<Agency>Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency</Agency>
<Country>Korea</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country>
<MedlineTA>J Vet Sci</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>100964185</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1229-845X</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000276">Adjuvants, Immunologic</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000914">Antibodies, Viral</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014765">Viral Vaccines</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000276" MajorTopicYN="N">Adjuvants, Immunologic</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000914" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000917" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibody Formation</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005536" MajorTopicYN="N">Foot-and-Mouth Disease</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029544" MajorTopicYN="N">Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008810" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice, Inbred C57BL</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013552" MajorTopicYN="N">Swine</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013553" MajorTopicYN="N">Swine Diseases</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014611" MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccination</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014765" MajorTopicYN="N">Viral Vaccines</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Foot-and-mouth disease</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">immunologic adjuvants</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">immunostimulants</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">safety</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
<CoiStatement>The authors declare no conflict of interest.</CoiStatement>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>5</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>28</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>6</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>3</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33016020</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">21.e74</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e74</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7533391</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
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<affiliations><list><country><li>Corée du Sud</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><country name="Corée du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Choi, Joo Hyung" sort="Choi, Joo Hyung" uniqKey="Choi J" first="Joo Hyung" last="Choi">Joo Hyung Choi</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Jo, Hye Eun" sort="Jo, Hye Eun" uniqKey="Jo H" first="Hye Eun" last="Jo">Hye Eun Jo</name>
<name sortKey="Jo, Hyundong" sort="Jo, Hyundong" uniqKey="Jo H" first="Hyundong" last="Jo">Hyundong Jo</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Byounghan" sort="Kim, Byounghan" uniqKey="Kim B" first="Byounghan" last="Kim">Byounghan Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Su Mi" sort="Kim, Su Mi" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Su Mi" last="Kim">Su Mi Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Ko, Mi Kyeong" sort="Ko, Mi Kyeong" uniqKey="Ko M" first="Mi Kyeong" last="Ko">Mi Kyeong Ko</name>
<name sortKey="Lee, Jong Soo" sort="Lee, Jong Soo" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jong Soo" last="Lee">Jong Soo Lee</name>
<name sortKey="Lee, Min Ja" sort="Lee, Min Ja" uniqKey="Lee M" first="Min Ja" last="Lee">Min Ja Lee</name>
<name sortKey="Park, Jong Hyeon" sort="Park, Jong Hyeon" uniqKey="Park J" first="Jong Hyeon" last="Park">Jong Hyeon Park</name>
<name sortKey="Shin, Sung Ho" sort="Shin, Sung Ho" uniqKey="Shin S" first="Sung Ho" last="Shin">Sung Ho Shin</name>
<name sortKey="You, Su Hwa" sort="You, Su Hwa" uniqKey="You S" first="Su Hwa" last="You">Su Hwa You</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
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Improved immune responses and safety of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing immunostimulating components in pigs.

Improved immune responses and safety of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing immunostimulating components in pigs.

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